Research progress on influencing factors of depressive symptoms in adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#In recent years, mental health problems such as anxiety and depression among adolescents in China have attracted attention from all walks of life. Given that adolescence is a transitional and critical period for individual development, mental health affect the developmental opportunities. Therefore, in the review, the effects of environment, psychosocial factors and behavioral patterns on depressive symptoms are analyzed by combining with the characteristics of physical and mental development among adolescents. It is found that early adolescence and even childhood should be the key period for the prevention and intervention of depression. In order to formulate effective interventions and prevention strategies, it is proposed that future research should combine real situation in China with active exploration of protective factors and early predictors of depression.

Correlation between nutritional status and depressive symptoms in middle school students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the correlation between different nutritional status and depressive symptoms among adolescents, so as to provide a theoretical basis for targeted improvement of nutritional status and depressive symptoms in adolescents.@*Methods@#A total of 8 102 adolescents aged 12-17 years in Shanghai, Urumqi, Changsha and Kunming were selected by random cluster sampling. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D). Height and weight were measured. Kruskal Wallis H test, Chi square test and ordinal Logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and depressive symptoms in adolescents.@*Results@#The overall detection rate of depressive symptoms in adolescents was 25.6%, with girls (30.1%) higher than that of boys (21.1%) ( χ 2=87.60, P <0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the scores of depressive symptoms among girls with different nutritional status ( Z =8.34, P <0.05). The detectable rate of depressive symptoms increased with BMI among girls( χ 2 trend =6.04, P <0.05). After controlling for confounding factors, ordinal Logistic regression showed that the obese girls had higher risks in depressive symptoms detection compared with normal weight girls ( OR=1.45, 95%CI=1.10-1.91, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The nutritional status of girls is better than boys, but the prevalence of depressive symptoms is higher than boys. The risk of depressive symptoms in girls increases with BMI.

Safety and efficacy of short-term dual antiplatelet therapy combined with intensive rosuvastatin in acute ischemic stroke

Abstract Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of short-term (7-day) Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) with intensive rosuvastatin in Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS). Methods: In this study, patients with AIS in the emergency department of the hospital from October 2016 to December 2019 were registered and divided into the control group (Single Antiplatelet Therapy [SAPT] + rosuvastatin) and the study group (7-day DAPT + intensive rosuvastatin) according to the therapy regimens. The generalized linear model was used to compare the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores between the two groups during the 21-day treatment. A Cox regression model was used to compare recurrent ischemic stroke, bleeding events, Statin-Induced Liver Injury (SILI), and Statin-Associated Myopathy (SAM) between the two groups during the 90-day follow-up. Results: Comparison of NIHSS scores after 21-day treatment: NIHSS scores in the study group decreased significantly, 0.273-times as much as that in the control group (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.273; 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] 0.208-0.359; p < 0.001). Comparison of recurrent ischemic stroke during the 90-day follow-up: The therapy of the study group reduced the risk of recurrent stroke by 65% (7.76% vs. 22.82%, Hazard Ratio [HR] 0.350; 95% CI 0.167-0.730; p = 0.005). Comparison of bleeding events: There was no statistical difference between the two groups (7.79% vs. 6.71%, HR = 1.076; 95% CI 0.424-2.732; p = 0.878). No cases of SILI and SAM were found. Conclusions: Short-term DAPT with intensive rosuvastatin effectively relieved the clinical symptoms and significantly reduced the recurrent stroke for patients with mild-to-moderate AIS within 90 days, without increasing bleeding events, SILI and SAM.

Advance in emotion ability intervention of children with hearing impariment / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#There are many problems in emotion ability development of hearing impaired children, such as emotion recognition, emotion expression obstacle, emotion understanding limitation and emotion regulation impropriety, etc., which seriously affect their social adaptation and mental health. Making systematic and individualized intervention programs can effectively promote the development of emotion ability of hearing impaired children. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and influencing factors of the emotion ability development of hearing impaired children, this paper reviews the existing intervention studies, and proposes future research directions in view of the deficiencies of existing studies, in order to provide reference for the research on emotion ability intervention of hearing impaired children.

Physical activity of Chinese children and adolescents:age, gender and regional characteristics / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore age, gender, and regional differences in physical activity among children and adolescents in China, and to provide a scientific reference for enhancing physical activity promotion.@*Methods@#A total of 4 269 children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 years were selected from six administrative regions of China (East China, Northwest China, North China, Central China, Southwest China and South China) using a stratified random cluster sampling method from September to December 2018. A questionnaire was administered to evaluate the physical activity level of Chinese children and adolescents aged 7 to 18.@*Results@#The overall detection rate of MVPA insufficiency in children and adolescents in China was 53.8%, of which the detection rate of MVPA insufficiency was 50.8% among boys and 57.1% among girls. Gender differences were statistically significant ( χ 2= 17.10 , P <0.05). Among the different age groups, the lowest detection rate of MVPA among 10-12 year olds was 43.6%, whereas the highest rate among 16-18 year olds was 63.0%, with significant differences between gender ( χ 2=4.33, 30.79, P <0.05). The P 50 values of total physical activity(TPA), light intensity physical activity(LPA), moderate intensity physical activity(MPA), vigorous intensity physical activity(VPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity(MVPA) were 92.9,24.3,41.4,7.1 and 55.7 min/d , respectively. The P 50 values of physical exercise, housework activities, entertainment activities and transportation activities were 34.3 , 2.1, 2.3 and 30.0 min/d, respectively, and the difference in age groups was statistically significant( H =95.03, 74.99, 300.26 , 64.16, P <0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of insufficient MVPA among children and adolescents in different regions ( χ 2=83.91, P <0.05). The lowest rate was 44.0% in North China, and the highest was 65.9% in East China.@*Conclusion@#The detection rate of MVPA insufficiency among Chinese children and adolescents firstly decreased and then increased with age. Boys participated in higher levels of physical activity than girls.

Association between physical activity and cardiopulmonary endurance of Chinese children and adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand physical activity status and its relation with cardiopulmonary endurance among Chinese children and adolescents, so as to provide reference for cardiopulmonary endurance improvement and intervention of Chinese children and adolescents.@*Methods@#During September to November 2018, a stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 4 269 children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in six major regions of China, 20 m shuttle run test and physical activity were assessed.@*Results@#Average duration for daily lowintensity physical activity among boys was (31.49±30.01) min, for moderate to vigorous physical activity (68.37±46.50) min. Average duration for low intensity physical activity among girls was (34.02±31.58) min, for moderate to vigorous physical activity was (63.02±44.91) min. The number of 20 m shuttle run test for boys reached ( 36.17 ±21.94) times, and the maximal oxygen uptake per minute was (44.51±5.05) mL/kg; the number of 20 m shuttle run test for girls reached (26.59±12.56) times, and the maximal oxygen uptake per minute was (41.99±5.29) mL/kg. There were statistically significant differences in the number of 20 m shuttle run test and maximal oxygen uptake across age groups in boys ( F= 589.37 , 152.79, P <0.01), as well as that in girls ( F=305.21, 1 032.46, P <0.01). The proportion of boys and girls who met moderate to vigorous physical activity standard was 49.24% and 42.92%, respectively. Linear regression analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the duration of moderate to vigorous physical activity and maximal oxygen uptake ( β=0.11, P ＜ 0.01).@*Conclusion@#There is a significant correlation between moderate to vigorous physical activity with cardiorespiratory endurance among Chinese children and adolescents. Higher level of moderate to vigorous physical activity is important to help improve cardiopulmonary endurance among children and adolescents.

Research update on emotion ability development of hearing impaired children / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Emotion ability has substantial influence on individuals survival and development as well as mental health. Emotion ability development disorder has become a prominent performance of hearing impaired children, which has attracted the attention of researchers at home and abroad. From the four aspects of emotion recognition, emotion understanding, emotion expression and emotion regulation, this paper sorts out and comments on the previous studies, puts forward the intervention measures in the light of the concrete problems existing in the development, and proposes some suggestions for the curtent study limitations, in order to provide fundamental evidance for promotion of emotion ability of hearing impaired children.

Association between physical activity and physical fitness index of Chinese children and adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the correlation between physical activity and physical fitness index of children and adolescents in China, so as to provide reference for physical activity and physical fitness promtion of children and adolescents.@*Methods@#In September 12,2018, 4 269 students were selected by cluster sampling in east, northwest, north, central, southwest and South China, the test of standing long jump, grip strength, 50 m running, improved seat forward bend, 30 s sit ups, 20 s cross repeatedly, 20 m round trip running was completed.@*Results@#In comparing the physical fitness index of children and adolescents with different levels of physical activity, the PFI values of the middle and high intensity physical activity (MVPA) groups of boys aged 10-12 and 16-18 years old were (0.46±3.58) (0.75±3.0), the value of PFI of the MVPA group were (-0.69±3.64) (-0.61±2.87), the difference was statistically significant ( t =0.04, 0.57, P >0.05). There was no significant difference in the values of PFI between the four age groups of the girls ( P <0.05). In comparison of physical activity status of children and adolescents in different physical ability grades, the time of MPA, VPA and physical exercise in healthy physical ability group was higher than that in unhealthy physical ability group ( Z =-2.04, -4.93, -7.09, P <0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between daily MVPA, physical exercise and physical fitness index ( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Moderate and high intensity physical activity, that is, physical exercise, is positively correlated with physical fitness index. Therefore, it is particularly important for children and adolescents to engage in sufficient moderate and vigorous intensity physical activities.